Introduction

One in six couples faces challenges in conceiving, a statistic that is on the rise. Researchers link this trend to lifestyle choices and environmental factors, suggesting that both play significant roles in increasing infertility rates. This article explores these influences and offers guidance on mitigating their impacts.

Environment and Fertility

The Role of Environmental Contaminants

Exposure to environmental toxins like heavy metals (arsenic, mercury, lead, aluminum) and chemicals such as organochlorine pesticides, solvents, and phthalates may disrupt menstrual cycles, increase miscarriage risks, and affect semen quality. These contaminants often act as endocrine disruptors, interfering with hormonal functions.

Practical Measures

• Opt for organic foods to reduce pesticide exposure.

• Choose biodegradable household products and cosmetics from organic sources.

• Use glass containers instead of plastic when heating food in microwaves.

Diet and Fertility

Nutritional Influences on Reproductive Health

While research linking diet to fertility shows varying results, most studies agree that a healthy, balanced diet enhances fertility in both men and women. The Mediterranean diet, rich in unsaturated fats and low in saturated fats, is particularly beneficial.

Practical Measures

• Maintain a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, fish, cereals, and natural antioxidants.

• Limit intake of red meat, fats, sugars, and artificial sweeteners.

For more on healthy eating guidelines, visit www.mangerbouger.fr/PNNS.

Smoking and Fertility

Tobacco Use and Reproductive Health

Smoking has been proven to extend the time required to conceive and to negatively impact the quality of oocytes and sperm. Quitting smoking can reverse these effects and enhance the outcomes of ART treatments.

Practical Measures

• Quitting smoking is crucial for improving fertility and IVF success rates.

• Smoking cessation benefits are observable in sperm quality within 3 to 6 months.

For support on quitting smoking, visit www.tabac-info-service.fr.

Alcohol and Fertility

Alcohol Consumption and Its Effects

Excessive alcohol intake is linked to reduced fertility in both genders. For men, it can lead to sperm quality issues, and for women, it increases infertility risks. Even moderate drinking before IVF can adversely affect the process.

Practical Measures

• Limit alcohol intake to less than 10 standard drinks per week and no more than 2 drinks per day.

• Abstain from alcohol during IVF procedures and pregnancy.

For more information, visit www.alcool-info-service.fr.

Heat Exposure and Male Fertility

Impact of Heat on Sperm Production

Chronic exposure to heat can adversely affect sperm production, a reversible condition if the exposure is ceased.

Practical Measures for Men

• Avoid prolonged sitting and exposure to hot environments such as saunas and hot tubs.

• Use laptops on desks rather than on laps.

• Wear loose-fitting clothes and underwear to maintain optimal testicular temperature.